Chapter recap
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA)
Why PPACA exists, and guaranteed issue
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Three goals: wider access, Medicaid expansion, lower-cost care delivery.
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Guaranteed issue = no health underwriting, no preexisting condition exclusion.
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Enrollment is still limited to open and special enrollment periods.
Open enrollment and special enrollment periods
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OEP = yearly window; no life change needed.
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SEP in California: 60 days from the triggering event.
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Losing coverage for nonpayment is NOT a triggering event.
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Lost Medi-Cal: 90 days; Medi-Cal enrollment: any time.
Medi-Cal eligibility under MAGI
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Adults 19–64: up to 138% FPL.
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Children under 19: up to 266% FPL.
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138 = 133 + 5% disregard; 266 = 261 + 5%.
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MAGI looks at income only; no asset test.
Advance Premium Tax Credits (APTCs)
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APTC: income up to 400% FPL (outline).
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Calculated by Covered California; paid to the insurer.
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Benchmark = second lowest cost Silver plan; usable with any tier.
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Only for a QHP bought through the Exchange; reconciled on Form 8962.
Cost Sharing Reductions (CSRs)
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CSR lowers cost sharing, not the premium.
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138%–250% FPL (outline); Silver plan through the Exchange only.
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Plan share rises to 94 / 87 / 73%.
Qualified Health Plan vs. Minimum Essential Coverage
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QHP = Exchange-certified + EHB package + licensed issuer.
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Issuer: at least one Silver and one Gold; same rate in every channel.
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Every QHP is MEC; Medicare Part A is MEC but not a QHP.
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Stand-alone dental (excepted benefit) is not MEC.
Essential health benefits and metal tiers
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10 EHB categories; dental and vision only for children.
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EHB rule: individual and small group, inside or outside the Exchange.
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Bronze 60, Silver 70, Gold 80, Platinum 90.
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California: actuarial value within plus or minus 2%.
Covered California, CCSB and agent certification
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Premium tax credits: QHP bought through Covered California only.
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CCSB: up to 50 employees (outline).
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Agents: complete Covered California agreements and certification first.
Children on a parent’s plan to age 26
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Dependent children: covered to the 26th birthday.
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Before 26: no marriage, student, residency or support tests.
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Disabled child: incapable of self-support AND chiefly dependent.
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Aging out = COBRA for up to 36 months.
Medical Loss Ratio (MLR)
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MLR = share of premium spent on care and quality improvement.
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Outline: individual 80%, group 85%.
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Miss it: pro rata rebate by September 30 of next year, market by market.